| DrumstickMorphology: Drumstick shaped nuclear appendage. ± 1,5 µm in diameter and attached to the nucleus by a filament. Inactive X chromosome of the female. Found in: Neutrophils of females Males with Klinefelter syndrome |
| Sessile NoduleMorphology: Inactive X chromosome found as nodule on neutrophils of females. Found in: Neutrophils of females |
| Hypersegmentation or right shift of neutrophil nucleiMorphology: Average lobe count increased OR increased % of neutrophils with 5 - 6 lobes OR > 3% neutrophils with 5 lobes or more.
Found in: Megaloblastic anaemia Iron deficiency Chronic infection Liver disease Uraemia Hereditary |
| Ring shaped nucleiMorphology: Nucleus ring or doughnut shaped Found in: Acute myeloid leukemia Chronic granulocytic leukaemia Megaloblastic anaemia MDS |
| Detached nuclear fragmentsMorphology: Detached nuclear material in cytoplasm. Found in: Dysgranulopoiesis Patients on anti cancer chemotherapy HIV |
| < | MPO deficiencyMorphology: Neutrophils appear normal on Romanowsky stain but are not counted as neutrophils by the cell counters employing a myeloperoxidase stain. Found in: Inherited Refractory anaemia Blast crisis of CML |
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| Toxic GranulationMorphology: Increased granulation. Granulation more basophilic and larger than normal. Found in: Severe bacterial infection Non specific finding - seen in tissue damage of various types. Normal pregnancy Therapy with cytokines
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| HypogranulationMorphology: Reduced granulation in neutrophil cytoplasm.
Found in: Myelodysplastic syndromes |
| VacuolesMorphology: Vacuoles in the cytoplasm of granulocytes Found in: Infection Toxic effect of ethanol Jordan's anomaly
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| Döhle BodiesMorphology: Small pale blue cytoplasmic inclusions, often in the periphery of the cell. Found in: Infective and inflammatory states Severe burns Tuberculosis Post chemotherapy Pregnancy
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| Phagocytosed ParasitesMorphology: Malaria - Plasmodium falciparum Found in: Severe malaria infection |
| Phagocytosed OrganismsMorphology: DF2 organism. Rod shaped organism in vacuoles in cytoplasm of neutrophils Found in: Dog bite |
| Phagocytosed PlateletMorphology: Platelet in vacuole in neutrophil cytoplasm Found in Infection |
| Phagocytosed Red blood cellMorphology: Red cell in vacuole in cytoplasm of neutrophil Found in: Infection Auto immune haemolytic anaemia Incompatible blood transfusion |
| Auer RodsMorphology: Small azurophil rods in the cytoplasm of myeloblasts and promyelocytes. Sometimes found in mature neutrophils
Found in: Acute myeloblastic leukemia Myelodysplastic syndromes |
| Macro NeutrophilsMorphology: Twice the size of a normal neutrophil with tetraploid DNA content. Found in: Occasionally in the blood of healthy subjects Inherited Administration of G-CSF Megaloblastic anaemia Chronic infection |
| Necrobiotic / Apoptotic neutrophilMorphology: Dense homogenous nuclei (pyknotic) Found in: Occasionally in healthy subjects In vitro artefact AML
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| Shift to the LeftMorphology: Presence of precursor of granulocytes in the peripheral blood
Found in: Normal in pregnancy or neonate Infections Bone marrow fibrosis Bone marrow infiltration by malignancies |
| Pseudo Pelger Hüet AnomalyMorphology: Bilobed neutrophils with more condensed chromatin. Found in: Inherited Myelodysplastic syndromes Idiopathic myelofibrosis Chronic granulocytic leakaemia Therapy with colchicine, iboprofen Infectious mononucleosis, malaria, myxoedema CLL |
| Neutrophil aggregationMorphology: Small clumps of neutrophils. Happens in vitro if EDTA anticoagulated blood is allowed to stand. May lead to incorrect WBC Found in: In vitro finding Infectious mononucleosis Bacterial infections Auto immune disease |