Keynote introduction: Prof Bob Mash, Executive and Divisional Head, Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University
“Health, climate change and primary health care”
Climate change has been labelled as the greatest
public health challenge of the 21st century, and the health voice has been
largely absent from the discourse on climate change and the environmental
crisis. The health and social effects result from changes in air quality, food
production, infectious disease exposure, access to fresh water and natural
hazards, including extreme weather events. The health and social consequences
are enormous and include effects on malnutrition, migration and displacement, infectious
diseases, non-communicable diseases, mental health, injuries and trauma. People
and politicians are, however, sensitive to challenges to their future health
and the health of populations. The health consequences can be an important
lever for change. Africa is expected to be severely impacted by these health
and social consequences. Primary health care (PHC), is the foundation of all
health systems, and the most responsive to the needs of communities. In
Africa, PHC must be able to respond to the changing needs of populations,
to disasters and extreme events, and be resilient enough to continue working in
the face of the same environmental challenges as the communities they serve.
Overall, research on climate change and primary health care in Africa is
scanty, as shown by our recent scoping review, that identified 10 key research
questions that align with the WHO’s guidance on climate-resilient health
systems. We are addressing some of these research questions already and welcome
collaborations to address others.